The word 'aql comes from meaningful aqala binding, restrain, prevent (Munawwir, 2002). While akal'aql said in the Qur'an related to efforts to analyze the rights and falsehood (Surat az-Zumar: 18), take a lesson from an event (Surat az-Zumar: 21), understand the universe and its contents (Surat al-Baqarah: verse 164 dams. Al-Imran: 190-191), understanding the dynamics of the process of life (Surat al-Hajj: 46), understand the power of Allah SWT (Surat al-Shura ': 28), understand the netherworld (Surat al-Mulk: 10), understand the Qur'an (Surah Yusuf: 2), understand the meaning of faith (Surat al-Baqarah: 76), and so forth.
Based on the above considerations it can be concluded that the reason is something that can be used to determine whether a state of concrete and abstract, which occurred in the past, present, nor things to come, the good and the bad, and the rights and falsehood . In brief, Imam Al-Mawardy in his book Adab al-Dunya wa al-Dien said that reason can know the nature of things and can discern what is good and what is bad. Ghafur (2005) adds that something concrete nature can be understood by the mind and the abstract nature of the liver. Mind and heart is an instrument of reason as the spiritual power to understand the truth.
According to Al-Mawardy (1992) there are two kinds of reason, namely gharizy and common sense muktasab. gharizy reason is the real reason, which limits a person subject to the law taklif (charging), who did not experience the addition or subtraction, the difference between humans and animals, and humans have been perfect as the reason he later described as men of thought.
According to the most authentic opinion, that reason has crystallized knowledge gained without going through the search process. Such a model science there are two kinds, namely first, something that gained because of the sensing process, for example, obtained by viewing the sights, sounds by hearing, taste, the feel, smell the smell, and touch the body with. Secondly, something that already exists in the soul, as knowing that something can not be separated from the name there and gone, there is something that can not be separated from the old and new name, the absurdity of it gathered the pros and cons, and the name once more less than two. All that is something that can not be separated from every person who understands the situation perfectly healthy and his mind.
The sense function is to restrain rampant lust bad. Amir ibn Abd al-Qais says:
"When your mind stop you from doing something improper, then you had people who understand"
Prophet Muhammad said:
"The mind is the light of heart, which can distinguish between right and falsehood"
Allah SWT says:
"So if they do not walk the earth, and they have hearts with which they can understand" (Surat al-Hijjr: 46)
The verse that shows two things: First, that the reason that science. Second, place in the heart.
While reasonable muktasab a reasonable result from the development gharizy, the peak of knowledge, sound policies, the orientation of thought, and there is no limit because he developed his definition, if actualized, and decreases wasted.
This muktasab sense closer understanding with the knowledge that is always experienced in a linear growth if continued well honed. He not only can know and understand it, but also able to create something new. Some language experts describe:
"The experiment is the mirror of reason and its fruit was negligent stupidity"
So it was reasonable muktasab will continue to grow and prosper and if more and more frequent exercise. With more and often do exercise so he will be more experienced.
Did you know that it was reasonable for the owner's jewelry?
and will be perfectly reasonable but that the length of experience
According to Al-Farabi sense has three of its ability hierarchy, namely: First, the sense of potential. this sense have the ability to let go / say meanings or forms of matter. Second, the actual reason. He has the ability to catch the meaning out of material. Third, mustafad reason. Intellect mustafad has the ability to catch the meaning and pure form outside of human nature.
Reasonable since the beginning of being predisposed to think of material nature. This tendency manifests and then became an actuality in the nature of matter. For that reason, he considers that the actual reason is not an immaterial substance, but such a capability in the material, as well as mental abilities low.
Sense of potential changes to the actual reason was then made one start gaining knowledge about the concepts or universal forms. This occurs because the actualization of the active mind (reason emergency emanating God) sends light to the human mind, which then have the ability to abstract objects that can arrest the senses, then stored and embodied in human memory. This abstraction process gave birth to something intelligible or concepts that are universal. The process of abstraction to be described as a intelligibles actual existence, a concept of reality that can be understood by reason. Al-Farabi argued that every thing that can be understood by the mind can ponder the actual reason by visualizing the senses. Through this ability, he can know himself. When our minds become self intelligible (able to understand themselves) as well as intellective self (self contemplation) and became a form of the original reason he became mustafad (Rahman, 2003).
That brief description of the reason. Thus, reason is one component of the soul which only granted to humans. Through reason, man can reveal the nature of things, both concrete and abstract to then serve as a universal concept. After that, people can understand where something is good and the bad, and what is right and falsehood. Thus, when humans face a problem then he can react in a wise and prudent.
Heart in Arabic is often referred to qalb. The word comes from the word qalb qalaba that changing the meaning, back and forth, up and down, and back and forth (Munawwir, 2002). Qalb actual meaning of the word has little to explain about the condition or nature itself qalb. Based on the meaning of the word then we can conclude that the heart is dynamic. Maybe now we feel in love with someone, but could be an hour later we feel hate him because of something that makes us feel uncomfortable. That's a little picture of the heart. But, whether as simple as that whose name heart?
Imam Ghazali in his book Ihya 'Ulum al-Din said that there were two hearts, the physical heart and spiritual heart. Physical heart in medical terms is called the heart, which is one form of body organs of a piece of meat such as elliptical banana heart is located in the left chest. While spiritual heart is something that is rabbaniyah ruhiyah Latifah (divine and ruhaniyah) which we can feel sad, sad, upset, happy. awe, reverence, hate, anger, love, and so on (Al-Ghazzali).
Liver has some relevance. First, the liver has a connection with faith (Surat al-Hujarat: 14), piety (Surat al-Hajj: 32), infidelity (Surah: An-Nahl: 22), hypocrisy (Surat At-Tauba: 77), error (Surat al-Mu'minun: 63), and so forth. Second, the heart has a sense of connection or as power-syu'ur like, like (Surat al-Furqan: 74), satisfied (Surat al-Duha: 5), sad (Surat al-An'am: 48), envy (Surat al-Hashr: 10), quiet (Surat al-Ahzab: 51), fear (Surat al-Ahzab: 26), and others. Third, the liver has a connection with nature, such as purity (Surat As-Shafat: 84), determination (Surat al-Kahf: 14), tawadu '(Surat al-Furqan: 63), hard (Surat al - -Maidah: 13), pride (Surat al-Fath: 26), crude and other liver diseases (Surat al-Hajj: 53). Fourth, the heart has a connection with the power to recall to God (Surat ar-Ra'd: 28). Fifth, the heart has the power relationship with cognition (Surat al-raf: 179). At least five context, we can conclude that the liver has various potentials, which leads to either positive or the negative. However, the next time he would actually lead to where, very dependent on choices made by each individual. Although the liver is basically a godlike nature or meaning rabbaniyah predisposed to accept the truth from him.
Heart of physical and spiritual heart turned out to have an inseparable relationship. Sheikh Muhammad Muhammad Jabir said that the holy lights (al-Anwaar al-Qudsiyah) arising from religious deeds first heart shone down on the chest cavity was a collection of electric BION and settling. Then flows into the vessels and the soul of any excitement flowing. The more holy light that radiates to the "piece of meat" is, the more light that flows in the inner and outer senses. Sometimes it was so full of light in our hearts and so many top beam, so the bias light remains illuminated, like the body of the prophets (Bisri, 1996).
Statement of Sheikh Muhammad Muhammad Jabir above suggests that religious charities in accordance with the guidelines which have been set by the religion will bring impact to the physical and spiritual health. Therefore, long before the Prophet Muhammad had said in haditsnya:
"Truly in the body there is a piece of meat. If he was better then all the better body, but if he destroyed all the body becomes too damaged. Remember that it is the heart "
(Narrated by Bukhari)
Prophet hadith also suggests that the liver is an essential part of the nafs (soul) others. He became murabby (mentor) for the structure of the nafs (soul) of another with a guide function, controller, and controller (Hartati, 2004).
Hearts in achieving recognition of the natural wonders of the senses depends. These senses comes from the heart and the intermediary is physical senses (Al-Ghazaly, nd). So, someone will be very difficult to be able to feel love or hatred toward anything if he had never seen, heard, felt, smelled, or felt something.
However, the liver also has a transmit power of the wave that will convey the information to other liver without going through the help of physical senses. In real life, we often see things that might be considered irrational, like the heart of a mother is not willing to decisions taken by his son to perform an activity. Mother's heart was not willing this will hinder the achievement of his desire. In addition, the liver recipient also has the power waves emitted from the other's heart. For example, a child whose heart is experiencing anxiety. Emission wave of anxiety that comes from the heart of this child was capable of well received by the mother's heart.
Between one heart with another heart was also able to unite in the unity of sense. In everyday life we often find the term "harmony" or "chemistry" in something, such as a person of men love a woman and so did the women love these men, because they both loved so they then pledged themselves to get married. Or, merging of two groups of hearts Aus and Khazraj tribes in Medina before the arrival date the Prophet Muhammad to Medina. Before the Prophet Muhammad came to Medina two groups have always been hostile, but after they had the same ideology and the same religion, namely Islam and they were united in the Islam-an (Surat al-Anfal: 63).
Based on the above considerations it can be concluded that the liver is one of the men who became the control center for other members of the nafs, has the power of emotion and cognition, has character, able to digest and accept the good things that are doctrinal, has a close relationship with the physical senses , and capable of transmitting and receiving waves between the liver without going through the intermediary of physical senses.
The soul is like an empire in which many aspects of composing. As the kingdom in general, the soul also has a device with the status and functions of each. In addition, in the kingdom there are also statutory procedures that apply to guide, direct, and control the life of the kingdom. So that the noble goals of the kingdom can be achieved perfectly.
The soul has a territorial area that includes members of the body. Lust as the mayor the power and strength as a police anger. heart became king, and reason as the prime minister.
King to rule them all, so the kingdom and the situation becomes stable. For the mayor, the passion, has the character of a liar, over acting, and like to confuse the issue. Police, the violent anger tempered, quarrelsome, and destroyer. If the king to let them in their condition, it will be destroyed and the related kingdoms are doomed. King had to consulting with the prime minister and the mayor and the police placed under the control of the prime minister. When it is done then the state of the kingdom would be established, developed, and prosperous.
Similarly, the liver, he asked for consideration of reason and put the passion and anger under reasonable control and command, so the situation becomes stable and the soul can reach, because his happiness, that is to know God's Essence.
If the mind is placed under the command of power lust and anger, so are doomed soul. and the heart will suffer in the afterlife.
Lust and anger are two souls ministry and keep things interesting food, drinks, and marriage (intercourse) to support the senses. Lust is a servant senses, and senses the net and common spy. With that sense of reason observe God's creations. Then serve the common sense and reason alone for the heart is the lamp and lamp with its rays he could see Essence of God. For pleasure to be part of the stomach and genitals is something that does not mean that when compared with the power of God at Essence.
So mind will serve the heart. Heart itself was created to look at the beauty of God's Essence. Anyone who has been able to enjoy the beauty of the Essence of Allah then he will be a true servant who will always worship Allah and never have any strings attached.